Information Technology Class 12

Teachers and Examiners (CBSESkillEduction) collaborated to create the Operating Web Class 12 Questions and Answers. All the important Information are taken from the NCERT Textbook Information Technology (802) class 12.

Operating Web Class 12 Questions and Answers

1. What is Web-application?
Answer – Web-based applications are those that can be accessed through a web browser and a network connection. A web-based application offers the benefit of global availability around-the-clock. Web-based applications are now utilised for a variety of tasks, including online shopping with the option of paying with credit or debit cards, e-governance, and learning through online tutorials, quizzes, and other activities.

Operating Web Class 12 Questions and Answers

2. What are the advantages of online reservation system?
Answer – Online reservation systems have benefits for both the business offering the reservation services and the customer using the system to make a reservation. We go over the benefits of using an online reservation system –

Advantages for consumers

a. Convenient – The user/consumer can book tickets anytime anywhere – from home, office, while travelling, etc. All the user needs is just a computer, Internet access, and a card (credit, debit, etc.) for payment.

b. Price Comparison – Online booking allows the customer to check the prices, compare them and get the best deal.

c. Security – Most online reservation sites require the user to create their profile and provide them with a username and password. The information thus remains secure until their password is secure.

d. Confirmation of Reservation – When a booking is done, the confirmation of the booking just takes a few seconds. It is fast and secure.

e. Time Saving – Online reservation consumes very less time in contrast to long queues at the counter.

Advantages of providers

a. Requires Less Staffing – Less man-power is required as every task is done through computers.

b. No Spatial Restrictions – The physical location of the office does not really matter to a customer who is reserving tickets online. So, the organization, big or small, can choose their office space depending on their needs.

c. Global Access – Online reservation is available to anyone irrespective of their physical location.

Operating Web Class 12 Questions and Answers

3. What are the precautions we have to take while performing online transactions?
Answer – The precautions we have to take while performing online transactions are –
a. Make a password complex, like mix case, use numbers and special characters.
b. Be cautious not to leave passwords around and do not share them with friends.
c. Never use names of near and dear ones as passwords.

4. What is e-Governance?
Answer – The use of information and communication technology (ICT) by the government to deliver and facilitate government services, information exchange, communication transactions, and integration of diverse stand-alone systems and services is known as electronic governance, or e-governance.

Operating Web Class 12 Questions and Answers

5. What are the initiatives taken by e-Governance.
Answer – The initiatives taken by e-Governance are –

• National e-Governance Plan (NeGP)
• National e-Governance Division (NeGD)
• e-Governance Infrastructure
• Mission Mode Projects
• Citizens Services
• Business Services
• Government Services
• Projects and Initiatives
• R&D in e-Governance

6. What is the purpose of National Portal of India?
Answer – The Portal’s goal is to give people and other stakeholders access through a single window to the data and services offered by the Indian government. The different ministries and departments of the Indian government, at the national, state, and district levels, work together through the National Portal of India. The National Informatics Centre (NIC), DeitY, MoCIT, Government of India built and maintains this portal as a Mission Mode Project under the National E-Governance Plan.

Operating Web Class 12 Questions and Answers

7. What is the purpose of India Web Directory website?
Answer – This portal serves as a single point of access to all websites run by the Indian Government, regardless of level or sector. It comprises websites for several Indian states and union territories, as well as those for judicial and legislative branches of government. Additionally, it offers details about numerous industries including agriculture and education.

8. What are the benefits of Online Shopping?
Answer – Benefits of Online shopping are –
a. You want to send a product to your friend; you can do online shopping and provide the receiver’s address.
b. The store where you will get what you need may be very far off.
c. The money spent in travelling to the store, parking the car, etc., is much more than overhead if any in online shopping.
d. The product you may require is not available at your market

Operating Web Class 12 Questions and Answers

9. Give some example of online education sites?
Answer – Some of the example of online education sites are –
a. udacity.org – e which offers online courses for development of technical skills. It claims to provide projects built by technical leaders like Google and AT & T. T.
b. coursera.org & edx.org – provide high quality online courses for free, in collaboration with various universities across the globe. They aim to provide free
online education through its partners world wide. The courses include topics from hunanities, science, and engineering including courses at school level.
c. ncert.nic.in – NCERT portal that provides online learning resources in the form of e-books, journals, question papers, children books, etc.

10. What are the characteristics of project?
Answer – Characteristics of project are –
a. A project has a beginning and an end. The extent of the project is defined. It has boundaries.
b. Aproject requires finite resources that are required to complete the project.
c. Aproject has a specific time frame. It has a definite beginning and end dates.
d. A project is complete when its end objectives are achieved. The objective is specific and identifiable.

Operating Web Class 12 Questions and Answers

11. What are the different phases in a Web application project?
Answer – The different phases of web application project are –
1) Requirements Definition Phase
2) Design Phase
3) Implementation Phase
4) Testing Phase

12. What is requirement definition phase?
Answer – We identify the issue statement for which the web application is to be developed during the requirement definition phase. Determine the size of the issue.

Operating Web Class 12 Questions and Answers

13. What is design phase?
Answer – The design phase is when the “how” of the application is to design, what are the different certiries of designing the software.

14. Explore the following sites for online shopping:
1. Amazon.com
2. Ebay.in
Answer –
Amazon.com – An online store and web service company, Amazon.com Inc. The company offers goods in a variety of categories, including clothing, auto and industrial equipment, beauty and health care, electronics, groceries, books, games, jeweler, kids’ and infant products, movies, music, sporting goods, toys, and tools, among others.

Ebay.in – While being one of the most popular and well-established e-commerce sites online, eBay doesn’t actually sell anything. Users can instead offer goods for sale, and other users can then place bids on those goods in auctions. eBay recently added the ability to purchase products at face value or to make price offers for them.

Operating Web Class 12 Questions and Answers

15. Analyze the following scenarios and describe all the steps of the project development cycle:
(i) Online tutoring
(ii) Online matrimonial bureau
(iii) Online ticket booking
Answer –

(i) Online tutoring – An online instructor follows the same steps as a face-to-face tutor: they organize the session, deliver it, and then, ideally, give parents a report on it.

(ii) Online matrimonial bureau – Online matrimony services refer to the establishment of an online community that enables its members to communicate and exchange marriage-related information in specialized, individualized ways.

(iii) Online ticket booking – Smart technology is used in an online booking system to eliminate the dangers of manual entry and human mistake. By automatically updating procedures like payment, scheduling, monitoring availability, and notification reminders, it makes booking easier for both you and your consumers.

Employability Skills Class 12 Notes

• Communication Skills Class 12 Notes
• Self Management Skills Class 12 Notes
• Basic ICT Skills Class 12 Notes
• Entrepreneurial Skills Class 12 Notes
• Green Skills Class 12 Notes

Employability Skills Class 12 MCQ

• Communication Skills Class 12 MCQ
• Self Management Skills Class 12 MCQ
• ICT Skills Class 12 MCQ
• Entrepreneurship Class 12 MCQ
• Green Skills Class 12 MCQ

Employability Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers

• Communication Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers
• Self Management Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers
• ICT Skills Class 12 Notes Questions and Answers
• Entrepreneurship Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers
• Green Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers

Information Technology Class 12 802 Notes

• Database Concepts Class 12 Notes
• Operating Web Class 12 Notes
• Java Class 12 Notes

Information Technology Class 12 802 MCQ

• Database Concepts Class 12 MCQ
• Operating Web Class 12 MCQ
• Fundamentals of Java Class 12 MCQ

Information Technology Class 12 802 Questions and Answers

• Database Concepts Class 12 Important Questions
• Operating Web Class 12 Questions and Answers
• Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers

Teachers and Examiners (CBSESkillEduction) collaborated to create the Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers. All the important Information are taken from the NCERT Textbook Information Technology (802) class 12.

Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers

1. What is Variable?
Answer – A variable is a storage location for information whose value may vary while a programme is running. A variable is, technically speaking, the name of a storage area in the computer’s internal memory. The data present there serves as the variable’s value.

2. What are the different Variable naming rules in Java?
Answer – The variable naming rules in Java are –
a. Variable names can begin with either an alphabetic character, an underscore, or a dollar sign.
b. Space is not allowed in variable names.
c. Reserved words are not used in variables.
d. Java is a case-sensitive language.

Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers

3. What are the different Primitive Data Types in Java?
Answer – There are eight different types of primitive data types in Java.
a. Byte
b. Short
c. Int
d. Long
e. Float
f. Double
g. Char
h. Boolean

4. What is String Variable?
Answer – String variables, also known as alphanumeric or character variables, have values that are interpreted as text. In other words, string variables’ values could be made up of letters, numbers, or symbols.

5. What is Operator and what are the different types of Operator?
Answer – Operators are special symbols in a programming language and perform certain specific operations. Java support –
a. Arithmetic Operators : +, -, *, /, %, ++, —
b. Relational Operators : ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=
c. Assignment Operators : =, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=
d. Logical Operators : &&, ||, !

Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers

6. Difference between Entry control loop and Exit control loop.
Answer – Difference between entry control and Exit control loop are –
Entry Control Loop –
a. Entry Control Loop tests the condition first and then executes the body of the loop.
b. If the condition is false, Entry control loop will not execute
c. Example of entry control loop are – for loop and while loop

Exit Control Loop –
a. Exit Control loop tests the condition after running a block of code.
b. If the condition is false, the Entry control loop will execute at least one time.
c. Example of entry control loop are – do-while

7. What is an Array?
Answer – Arrays are variables that can hold more than one value, they can hold a list of values of the same type. Example – marks = new double[5];

Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers

8. What is the purpose of user defined methods?
Answer – User-defined functions are techniques you can use to arrange your code within a body. Once a function has been defined, it can be used in the same way that the built-in action and parser functions are used. Instead of being passed by value, variables are passed by reference to functions.

9. What are OOPs?
Answer – OOPs stands for Object Oriented Programming, Java is an Object Oriented Programming (OOP) language. In an OOP language, a program is a collection of objects that interact with other objects to solve a problem. Each object is an instance of a class.

10. What is the difference between local and global variables?
Answer – Depending on their scope, variables are divided into global variables and local variables. Local variables can only be accessed within the function or block in which they are defined, In other hand the global variables, which can be used worldwide throughout the entire programme.

Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers

11. What is the purpose of Constructor in Java?
Answer – A special method member called the constructor method is used to initialize the data members of the class (or any other initialization is to be done at time of object creation). The constructor has the same name as the class, has no return type, and may or may not have a parameter list. Whenever a new object of a class is created, the constructor of the class is invoked automatically. We do not call the constructor explicitly.

12. What are the different types of Access Modifiers?
Answer – Access modifiers are keywords that manage a class’s fields, methods, and function. Examples of access modifiers are Public, protected, and private.

Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers

13. What is the purpose of Getter and Setter Methods?
Answer – Private data members of a class cannot be accessed outside the class however, you can give controlled access to data members outside the class through getter and setter methods.

Basic Java program –

14. Write a program to accept integer number from user and print the number.

import java.util.Scanner;
public class HelloWorld {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Scanner reader = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.print("Enter a number: ");

        int number = reader.nextInt();

        System.out.println("You entered: " + number);
    }
}

Output - 
Enter a number: 20
You entered: 20

15. Write a program to accept two numbers from the user and find the sum of numbers.

class Example {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    
  int n1=22, n2=44, sum;
    
    sum = n1 + n2;
    System.out.println("The sum is: " + sum);
  }
}

Output - 
Enter two numbers
22 44
The sum is: 66

Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers

16. Write a program to swap the numbers without using 3rd variable.

public class Swap {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        int n1=51, n2=48;
        System.out.println("First number = " + n1);
        System.out.println("Second number = " + n2);
        n1=n1+n2;
        n2=n1-n2;
        n1=n1-n2;

        System.out.println("Result");
        System.out.println("First number = " + n1);
        System.out.println("Second number = " + n2);
    }
}

Output - 
First number = 51
Second number = 48
Result
First number = 48
Second number = 51

Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers

If Statement related program – 

17. Write a program to accept number from the user and check whether number is even or odd.

import java.util.Scanner;
public class Example {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Scanner reader = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.print("Enter a number: ");
        int num = reader.nextInt();
        if(num % 2 == 0)
            System.out.println(num + " is even");
        else
            System.out.println(num + " is odd");
    }
}

Output - 
Enter a number: 22
22 is even

Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers

18. Write a program to accept number from the user and check whether an alphabet is vowel or consonant.

import java.util.Scanner;
public class Example {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Scanner reader = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.print("Enter a character: ");
        char ch = reader.next().charAt(0);

        if(ch == 'a' || ch == 'e' || ch == 'i' || ch == 'o' || ch == 'u' )
            System.out.println(ch + " is vowel");
        else
            System.out.println(ch + " is consonant");

    }
}

Output - 
Enter a character: a
a is vowel

19. Write a program to accept three numbers from the user and find the largest number.

public class Example {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

	Scanner reader = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.print("Enter a 1st number: ");
        char n1 = reader.nextInt();

        System.out.print("Enter a 2nd number: ");
        char n2 = reader.nextInt();

        System.out.print("Enter a 3rd number: ");
        char n3 = reader.nextInt();

        if( n1 >= n2 && n1 >= n3)
            System.out.println(n1 + " is the largest number.");

        else if (n2 >= n1)
            System.out.println(n2 + " is the largest number.");

        else
            System.out.println(n3 + " is the largest number");
    }
}

Output - 
Enter a 1st number: 7
Enter a 2nd number: 3
Enter a 3rd number: 9
9 is the largest number

Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers

20. Write a program to check leap year.

public class Example {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    int year = 2022;
    boolean leap = false;

    if (year % 4 == 0) {

      if (year % 100 == 0) {
        if (year % 400 == 0)
          leap = true;
        else
          leap = false;
      }
      
      else
        leap = true;
    }
    
    else
      leap = false;

    if (leap)
      System.out.println(year + " is a leap year.");
    else
      System.out.println(year + " is not a leap year");
  }
}

Output - 
2022 is not a leap year

Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers

21. Write a program the check weather a number is positive or negative.

public class Example {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        double n1 = 18;

        if (number < 0.0)
            System.out.println(number + " is a negative number");

        else if ( number > 0.0)
            System.out.println(number + " is a positive number");

        else
            System.out.println(number + " is 0");
    }
}

Output - 
18 is a positive number

22. Write a program to check whether a character is alphabet or not.

public class Example {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        char c = 'a';

        if( (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z'))
            System.out.println(c + " is an alphabet");
        else
            System.out.println(c + " is not an alphabet");
    }
}

Output - 
a is an alphabet

Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers

Looping statement related program – 

23. Write a program to Find Factorial of a Number
n = 1 * 2 * 3 * 4 * … * n

public class Example {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        int num = 10;
        long f = 1;
        for(int i = 1; i <= num; ++i)
        {
            f = f * i;
        }
        System.out.printf("Factorial of a number ", f);
    }
}

Output - 
Factorial of a number = 3628800

24. Write a program to print the Fibonacci series 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8,

class Example {
  public static void main(String[] args) {

    int n = 10, first = 0, second = 1, sum = 0;

    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
      System.out.print(first + ", ");

      sum = first + second;
      first = second;
      second = sum;
    }
  }
}

Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers

25. Write a program to check whether the string is palindrome or not.

class Example {
  public static void main(String[] args) {

    String str = "MADAM", r_str = "";
    int strLength; 
    
    int strLength = str.length();

    for (int i = (strLength - 1); i >=0; i--) {
      r_str = r_str + str.charAt(i);
    }

    if (str.toLowerCase().equals(r_str.toLowerCase())) {
      System.out.println(str + " is a Palindrome");
    }
    else {
      System.out.println(str + " is not a Palindrome");
    }
  }
}

Output - 
MADAM is a Palindrome

Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers

26. Write a program to check whether a number is prime or not.

public class Example {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    int num = 7;
    boolean f = false;
    for (int i = 2; i <= num / 2; i++) {
      if (num % i == 0) {
        f = true;
        break;
      }
    }

    if (!f)
      System.out.println(num + " is a prime number");
    else
      System.out.println(num + " is not a prime number");
  }
}

Output - 
7 is a prime number

Switch Statement related program – 

27. Write a program to design simple calculator using switch statement.

import java.util.Scanner;
class Example {
  public static void main(String[] args) {

    char ch;
    Double number1, number2, result;

    Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

    System.out.println("Choose an operator: +, -, *, or /");
    System.out.println("1. +");
    System.out.println("2. -");
    System.out.println("3. *");
    System.out.println("4. /");

    System.out.println("Select choice");

    ch = input.next().charAt(0);

    System.out.println("Enter first number");
    number1 = input.nextDouble();
    System.out.println("Enter second number");
    number2 = input.nextDouble();

    switch (ch) {

      case '+':
        result = number1 + number2;
        System.out.println(number1 + " + " + number2 + " = " + result);
        break;

      case '-':
        result = number1 - number2;
        System.out.println(number1 + " - " + number2 + " = " + result);
        break;

      case '*':
        result = number1 * number2;
        System.out.println(number1 + " * " + number2 + " = " + result);
        break;

      case '/':
        result = number1 / number2;
        System.out.println(number1 + " / " + number2 + " = " + result);
        break;

      default:
        System.out.println("Invalid choice!");
        break;
    }

    input.close();
  }
}

Output - 
1. +
2. -
3. *
4. /
Select Choice +
Enter first number 4
Enter second number 6
4 * 6 = 10

Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers

Array

28. Write a program to Print an Array.

public class Example {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int[] array = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

        for (int element: array) {
            System.out.println(element);
        }
    }
}

Output - 
1
2
3
4
5

29. Write a program to find the average of given array 7, 34, 55, 82, 44.

public class Example {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int[] numArray = { 7, 34, 55, 82, 44 };
        double sum = 0;

        for (double num: numArray) {
           sum += num;
        }

        double average = sum / numArray.length;
        System.out.format("The average is " + average);
    }
}

Output - 
The average is: 44.4

String function related program –

30. Write a program to find the concatenate of two different string

public class Example {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    String str1="Anurag";
    String str2="Anand"; 
    
    String str3=str1.concat(str2);
    
    System.out.println(str3);
    
    }
}

Output - 
Anurag Anand

31. Write a program to find the length of the string

public class Example {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    String str="Anurag";
    
    int len=str.length();
    
    System.out.println(len);
    
    }
}

Output - 
6

32. Write a program to convert the string in uppercase format.

public class Example {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    String str="anurag";
    
    String upper=str.toUpperCase();
    
    System.out.println(upper);
    
    }
}

Output - 
ANURAG

33. Write a program to convert the lowercase string to uppercase string.

public class Example {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    String str="ANURAG";
    
    String lower=str.toLowerCase();
    
    System.out.println(lower);
    
    }
}

Output - 
anurag

Employability Skills Class 12 Notes

• Communication Skills Class 12 Notes
• Self Management Skills Class 12 Notes
• Basic ICT Skills Class 12 Notes
• Entrepreneurial Skills Class 12 Notes
• Green Skills Class 12 Notes

Employability Skills Class 12 MCQ

• Communication Skills Class 12 MCQ
• Self Management Skills Class 12 MCQ
• ICT Skills Class 12 MCQ
• Entrepreneurship Class 12 MCQ
• Green Skills Class 12 MCQ

Employability Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers

• Communication Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers
• Self Management Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers
• ICT Skills Class 12 Notes Questions and Answers
• Entrepreneurship Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers
• Green Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers

Information Technology Class 12 802 Notes

• Database Concepts Class 12 Notes
• Operating Web Class 12 Notes
• Java Class 12 Notes

Information Technology Class 12 802 MCQ

• Database Concepts Class 12 MCQ
• Operating Web Class 12 MCQ
• Fundamentals of Java Class 12 MCQ

Information Technology Class 12 802 Questions and Answers

• Database Concepts Class 12 Important Questions
• Operating Web Class 12 Questions and Answers
• Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers

Teachers and Examiners (CBSESkillEduction) collaborated to create the Operating Web Class 12 MCQ. All the important Information are taken from the NCERT Textbook Information Technology (802) class 12.

Operating Web Class 12 MCQ

1. An application that can be accessed via a web browser, over a network connection is called a ___________.
a. Web-based application
b. Server-based application
c. Both a) and b)
d. None of the above

2. Which one of the websites has an online reservation system?
a. www.irctc.co.in
b. www.redbus.in
c. www.goibibo.com
d. All of the above

3. What are the advantages of online reservation?
a. Convenient
b. Price comparison
c. Security
d. All of the above

4. What are the actions that can be taken to make a password?
a. Make a password complex, like a mix case, use numbers and special characters.
b. Never use common name, date of birth and city in the password
c. Don’t share passwords with your friends or relatives.
d. All of the above

Operating Web Class 12 MCQ

5. Give some examples of search engines.
a. Google
b. Yahoo
c. Bing
d. All of the above

6. NICNET Stands for ___________.
a. National Satellite Based Computer Network
b. New Satellite Based Computer Network
c. National State Based Computer Network
d. None of the above

8. NICNET is launched in _________.
a. 1986
b. 1977
c. 1987
d. 1977

9. DISNIC State for __________.
a. Digital Information System of the National Informatics Center
b. District Information System of the National Informatics Center
c. Digital Internet System of the National Informatics Center
d. None of the above

Operating Web Class 12 MCQ

10. DEITY Stands for __________.
a. Department of Electric and Information Technology
b. Department of Electric and Indian Technology
c. Department of Electronics and Information Technology
d. None of the above

11. Examples of the Central initiatives for e-governance are ___________.
a. National e-Governance Plan (NeGP)
b. National e-Governance Division (NeGD)
c. e-Governance Infrastructure
d. All of the above

12. Which of the following is the National Portal of India website.
a. Indiagov.com
b. Indianportal.com
c. India.gov.in
d. None of the above

13. ________ website provides a single window access to information and services being provided by the
various Indian Government entities.
a. india.gov.in
b. goidirectory.nic.in
c. data.gov.in
d. None of the above

14. India.gov.in is a Mission Mode Project under the National E-Governance Plan, designed and maintained by ___________.
a. National Informatics Center
b. DeitY
c. MoCIT
d. All of the above

Operating Web Class 12 MCQ

15. ____________ portal is a one point source to access all Indian Government websites at all levels and from all sectors.
a. india.gov.in
b. goidirectory.nic.in
c. data.gov.in
d. None of the above

16. Online shopping is an ____________ where the customer can purchase goods over the Internet.
a. Banking application
b. e-Commerce application
c. Government application
d. None of the above

17. What are the situations where Online Shopping is useful?
a. The customer does not have enough time to visit a store and purchase goods.
b. The store where you will get what you need may be very far off.
c. The product you may require is not available at your market.
d. All of the above

18. What are the different methods for making payment to the website?
a. Cash on delivery
b. Wire transfer
c. e-Voucher
d. All of the above

19. Give examples of Online education sites.
a. www.eagetutor.com
b. udacity.org
c. coursera.org
d. All of the above

Operating Web Class 12 MCQ

20. NCERT portal that provides online learning resources like _________.
a. e-Book
b. Question papers
c. Journals & Children Book
d. All of the above

21. A web application is a program that is stored on a _________.
a. Web Server
b. Voice Server
d. Data Server
e. None of the above

22. What characteristics are required for a new project.
a. A project requires finite resources that are required to complete the project.
b. A project has a specific time frame
c. A project is complete when its end objectives are achieved
d. All of the above

23. What are the different phases in a Web application project?
a. Requirements Definition Phase
b. Design Phase
c. Implementation Phase & Testing Phase
d. All of the above

24. _____________ In this phase we identify the problem statement for which the web application is to be developed. Identify the scope of the problem.
a. Requirements Definition Phase
b. Design Phase
c. Implementation Phase
d. Testing Phase

Operating Web Class 12 MCQ

25. In the Requirements Definition Phase what are the feasibility required?
a. Check whether the project is technically feasible
b. Check whether the project is economically feasible
c. Both a) and b)
d. None of the above

26. In the Requirements Definition Phase, The focus is on “What” the application must do. to define the scope of the application _____________.
a. Compile a detailed list with a clear description of application features.
b. Establish the goals that the solution must achieve.
c. Recognizing the limitations that are placed on the project.
d. All of the above

27. What are the different keys required to design the application database?
a. Identify the database tables that will be required in the application
b. Each table we need to identify the attributes of the tables, their data types and size of the column.
c. Decide the table structures
d. All of the above

28. _________ development means working on server-side software, which focuses on everything you can’t see on a website.
a. Front – end
b. Back – end
c. Between – end
d. None of the above

29. __________ phase helps to test applications (Front-End and Back-End) with multiple sample sets of data.
a. Requirements Definition Phase
b. Design Phase
c. Implementation Phase
d. Testing Phase

Operating Web Class 12 MCQ

30. __________ is an example of a B2B e-Commerce website.
a. Supply chain management
b. Legacy computer system
c. Sustainable supply chain
d. Electronic data interchange

31. According to the volume of transactions, it is the most widely used payment method and is quickly convertible into other kinds of value without a middleman. Which payment mechanisms are meant by this statement?
a. Plastic Card
b. Credit Card
c. Cash
d. None of the above

32. Advantages of using an online website builder include-
a. Low cost
b. Easy to learn
c. Time taking
d. Both a) and b)

33. Buying and selling goods over the internet is called _________.
a. Cyber-Commerce
b. Digital-Commerce
c. E-Commerce
d. Hyper Selling

34. The IRCT (Indian Railways reservation) is an example of _________.
a. Expert System
b. Transaction processing system
c. Management controls system
d. None of the above

Operating Web Class 12 MCQ

35. Which website belongs to B2C (Business to Customer).
a. Flipkart t
b. Amazon
c. eBay
d. All of the above

36. E-Commerce stands for ___________.
a. Electronic Commerce
b. Electric Commerce
c. Entertainment Commerce
d. None of the above

37. Which of the following products is appropriate for online sales?
a. Electronic Item
b. Books
c. Vegetables & Fruits
d. All of the above

38. Which of the following functions is related to e-Commerce.
a. Marketing
b. Finance
c. Supply Chain
d. All of the above

39. What precautions we have take when performing online transactions
a. Make a password complex
b. Be cautious when you are paying amount online
c. User antivirus in you device
d. All of the above

Operating Web Class 12 MCQ

40. To make a strong password you have to use ___________.
a. Capital Letter in password
b. Use Numbers
c. Use Special symbol
d. All of the above

Employability Skills Class 12 Notes

• Communication Skills Class 12 Notes
• Self Management Skills Class 12 Notes
• Basic ICT Skills Class 12 Notes
• Entrepreneurial Skills Class 12 Notes
• Green Skills Class 12 Notes

Employability Skills Class 12 MCQ

• Communication Skills Class 12 MCQ
• Self Management Skills Class 12 MCQ
• ICT Skills Class 12 MCQ
• Entrepreneurship Class 12 MCQ
• Green Skills Class 12 MCQ

Employability Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers

• Communication Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers
• Self Management Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers
• ICT Skills Class 12 Notes Questions and Answers
• Entrepreneurship Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers
• Green Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers

Information Technology Class 12 802 Notes

• Database Concepts Class 12 Notes
• Operating Web Class 12 Notes
• Java Class 12 Notes

Information Technology Class 12 802 MCQ

• Database Concepts Class 12 MCQ
• Operating Web Class 12 MCQ
• Fundamentals of Java Class 12 MCQ

Information Technology Class 12 802 Questions and Answers

• Database Concepts Class 12 Important Questions
• Operating Web Class 12 Questions and Answers
• Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers

Teachers and Examiners (CBSESkillEduction) collaborated to create the Database Concepts Class 12 Important Questions. All the important Information are taken from the NCERT Textbook Information Technology (802) class 12.

Database Concepts Class 12 Important Questions

1. What is data?

Answer – Data is a collection of raw facts which have not been processed to reveal useful information.

2. What is Database?

Answer – A database is an organized collection of structured information, or data, typically stored electronically in a computer system. A database is usually controlled by a database management system.

Database Concepts Class 12 Important Questions

3. What are the different properties of Database?

Answer – The different properties of Database are –

1) A database is a representation of some aspect of the real world also called miniworld. Whenever there are changes in this miniworld they are also reflected in the database.

2) It is designed, built and populated with data for specific purposes.

3) It can be of any size and complexity.

4) It can be maintained manually or it may be computerized.

4. Why is a database required?

Answer – Large amounts of data may be kept in one location, which makes databases a suitable choice for data access. The data can be accessed and changed simultaneously by several individuals. You can quickly and easily find the information you need in databases since they can be searched and sorted.

Database Concepts Class 12 Important Questions

5. What are the different advantages of Database?

Answer – Advantages of database are –

1. Reduction in Redundancy: All the data is stored at one place. There is no repetition of the same data. This also reduces the cost of storing data on hard disks or other memory devices.

2. Improved Consistency: The chances of data inconsistencies in a database are also reduced as there is a single copy of data that is accessed or updated by all the users.

3. Improved Availability: Same information is made available to different users. This helps sharing of information by various users of the database.

4. Improved Security: By making use of passwords and controlling users’ database access rights, the DBA can provide security to the database.

5. User Friendly: Using a DBMS, it becomes very easy to access, modify and delete data.

6. What is a Database Management System?

Answer – A database management system is a group of applications that let users build, administer, and use databases. It permits the development of a data repository that may be created once and then accessible by various users in accordance with their needs. As a result, all application programmes have access to a single data source.

7. What are the various operations performed by Database?

Answer – The various operation of database are –
1. Defining the Database: It involves specifying the data type of data that will be stored in the database and also any constraints on that data.

2. Populating the Database: It involves storing the data on some storage medium that is controlled by DBMS.

3. Manipulating the Database: It involves modifying the database, retrieving data or querying the database, generating reports from the database etc.

4. Sharing the Database: Allow multiple users to access the database at the same time.

5. Protecting the Database: It enables protection of the database from software/ hardware failures and unauthorized access.

6. Maintaining the Database: It is easy to adapt to the changing requirements

Database Concepts Class 12 Important Questions

8 What are the different characteristics of Database?

Answer – The different characteristics of database are –

a. Self-describing Nature of a Database System – The database management system (DBMS) also includes a description of the data that it stores. Metadata refers to this description of the data. A database catalog or data dictionary is where meta-data is kept. It includes the data’s structure as well as the limitations placed on the data.

b. Insulation Between Programs and Data – Programs that access this data don’t need to be changed because the description of the data is stored separately in the database management system (DBMS) and any changes to the data’s structure are made in the catalog. The term “Program-Data Independence” refers to this quality.

c. Sharing of Data – Multiple users can access the database at once in a multi user scenario. Therefore, a DBMS must have concurrency control software to provide concurrent access to the database’s data without encountering any consistency issues.

Database Concepts Class 12 Important Questions

9. What are the different types of users of DBMS?

Answer – The different types of DBMS users are –

1. End Users – Users who use the database for querying, modifying and generating reports as per their needs.

2. Database Administrator (DBA) – The DBA is responsible for authoring access, monitoring its use, providing technical support, acquiring software and hardware resources.

3. Application Programmers – Application programmes write application programs to interact with the database.

4. System Analyst – A system analyst plays a major role in the database design and all the technical, economic and feasibility aspects.

10. What are the limitations of using DBMS?

Answer – Limitations of DBMS are –

a. High Cost – The cost of implementing a DBMS system is very high and a very time consuming process.

b. Security and Recovery Overheads – Databases protect the data from unauthorized access from the users.

Database Concepts Class 12 Important Questions

11. What is a relational Database?

Answer – A collection of data elements with pre-established relationships between them make up a relational database. These things are arranged in a series of tables with rows and columns. To store data about the things that will be represented in the database, tables are utilized.

12. What do you mean by domain constraint?

Answer – Columns with user-defined domain constraints make it easier for users to enter values that relate to the data type. Additionally, it notifies the user that the column is not properly filled in if it receives a faulty input.

Database Concepts Class 12 Important Questions

13. What is entity integrity constraint?

Answer – This constraint specifies that the primary key of a relation cannot have null value. The reason behind this constraint is that we know the primary key contains no duplicates.

14. What is the referential integrity constraint?

Answer – Foreign key constraints or referential integrity constraints. A logical rule about the values in one or more columns in one or more tables is known as a foreign key constraint, also known as a referential constraint or a referential integrity constraint.

15. How many SQL statements are used? Define them.

Answer – SQL statements are basically divided into two categories, DDL & DML.

a. Data Definition Language – Commands from the Data Definition Language (DDL) are used to specify the structure holding the data. These commands are automatically committed, which means that any database changes made by DDL commands are permanently recorded.

b. Data Manipulation Language – The database’s data can be changed using Data Manipulation Language (DML) commands. These instructions can be rolled back and are not automatically committed.

Database Concepts Class 12 Important Questions

16. Give an example of DDL & DML commands?

Answer –
Data Definition Language (DDL) commands:

• CREATE table
• ALTER table
• DROP table

Data Manipulation Language (DML) commands:

• INSERT table
• UPDATE table
• DELETE

Database Concepts Class 12 NCERT Solutions

17. Consider the following Employee table –

Table Name – Employee

The primary key of this table is Employee_ID and Manager_ID is a foreign key that references Employee_ID.

Write SQL commands for the following:

(a) Create the above table

CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEE
(
Employee_ID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
Employee_Name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
Job_Title VARCHAR(20),
Salary DECIMAL(10,2) DEFAULT 40000,
Bonus VARCHAR(10),
Age INTEGER,
FOREIGN KEY (Manager_ID) REFERENCES Employee(Employee_ID)
);

(b) Insert values as shown above

INSERT INTO Employee (
Employee_Id, Employee_Name, Job_Title, Salary, Bonus, Age, Manager_Id)
Values (1201, “Divya”, “President”, 50000, NULL, 29, NULL);

or

INSERT INTO Employee (
Employee_Id, Employee_Name, Job_Title, Salary, Bonus, Age, Manager_Id)
Values (1201, “Divya”, “President”, 50000, NULL, 29, NULL),
(1205, “Amyra”, “Manager”, 30000, 2500, 26, 1201),
(1211, “Rahul”, “Analyst”, 20000, 1500, 23, 1205),
(1213, “Manish”, “Salesman”, 15000, NULL, 22, 1205),
(1216, “Megha”, “Analyst”, 22000, 1300, 25, 1201),
(1217, “Mohit”, “Salesman”, 16000, NULL, 22, 1205);

(c) Delete the Employee having Employee_ID 1217.

DELETE FROM Employee WHERE Employee_Id = 1217;

(d) Update the salary of “Amyra” to 40000.

UPDATE Employee SET Salary = 40000 WHERE Employee_Name = “Amyra”;

(e) Alter the table Employee so that NULL values are not allowed for Age column.

ALTER TABLE Employee MODIFY Age INTEGER NOT NULL;

(f) Write a query to display names and salaries of those employees whose salary are greater than 20000.

SELECT Employee_Name, Salary FROM Employee WHERE Salary>20000;

(g) Write a query to display details of employees who are not getting any bonus.

SELECT * FROM Employee WHERE  Bonus IS NULL;

(h) Write a query to display the names of employees whose name contains “a” as the last alphabet.

SELECT Employee_Name FROM Employee WHERE Employee_Name LIKE “%a”;

(i) Write a query to display the name and Job title of those employees whose Manager_ID is 1201.

SELECT Employee_Name, Job_Title FROM Employee WHERE Manager_ID = 1201;

(j) Write a query to display the name and Job title of those employees whose Manager is “Amyra”

SELECT Employee_Name, Job_Title FROM Employee WHERE Manager = “Amyra”;

(k) Write a query to display the name and Job title of those employees aged between 26 years and 30 years.

SELECT Employee_Name, Job_Title FROM Employee WHERE Age BETWEEN 26 AND 30;

18. A Railway company uses machines to sell tickets. The machine details and daily sales information are recorded in two tables:

The primary key of the table Machine is Machine_ID. Records in the table Sales are uniquely identified by the fields Machine_ID and Date.

(a) Create the tables Machine and Sales.

CREATE TABLE MACHINE
(
MACHINE_ID CHAR(3) PRIMARY KEY,
Station CHAR(30)
);

CREATE TABLE SALES
(
MACHINE_ID CHAR(3) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
Date DATE NOT NULL UNIQUE;
Tickets_Sold INTEGER;
Income DECIMAL(8,2)
);

(b) Write a query to find the number of ticket machines in each station.

SELECT Station FROM Machine GROUP BY Tickets_Sold;

(c) Write a query to find the total ticket income of the station “New Delhi” of each day.

SELECT Station FROM Machine where Station=”New Delhi” GROUP BY Sales HAVING SUM(Income);

(d) Write a query to find the total number of tickets sold by the machine (Machine_ID = 122) till date.

SELECT SUM(Tickets_Sold) FROM Sales WHERE Machine_ID = 122;

Employability Skills Class 12 Notes

• Communication Skills Class 12 Notes
• Self Management Skills Class 12 Notes
• Basic ICT Skills Class 12 Notes
• Entrepreneurial Skills Class 12 Notes
• Green Skills Class 12 Notes

Employability Skills Class 12 MCQ

• Communication Skills Class 12 MCQ
• Self Management Skills Class 12 MCQ
• ICT Skills Class 12 MCQ
• Entrepreneurship Class 12 MCQ
• Green Skills Class 12 MCQ

Employability Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers

• Communication Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers
• Self Management Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers
• ICT Skills Class 12 Notes Questions and Answers
• Entrepreneurship Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers
• Green Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers

Information Technology Class 12 802 Notes

• Database Concepts Class 12 Notes
• Operating Web Class 12 Notes
• Java Class 12 Notes

Information Technology Class 12 802 MCQ

• Database Concepts Class 12 MCQ
• Operating Web Class 12 MCQ
• Fundamentals of Java Class 12 MCQ

Information Technology Class 12 802 Questions and Answers

• Database Concepts Class 12 Important Questions
• Operating Web Class 12 Questions and Answers
• Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers

Teachers and Examiners (CBSESkillEduction) collaborated to create the Operating Web Class 12 Notes. All the important Information are taken from the NCERT Textbook Information Technology (802) class 12.

Operating Web Class 12 Notes

Operating Web-based Applications

Web-based applications are those that can be accessed through a web browser and a network connection. A web-based application offers the benefit of global availability around-the-clock. Web-based applications are now utilised for a variety of tasks, including online shopping with the option of paying with credit or debit cards, e-governance, and learning through online tutorials, quizzes, and other activities.

Online Reservation Systems

A web-based reservation system enables online ticket purchase and cancellation. Online reservation systems examples are –

• Airline ticket
• Railway ticket
• Bus ticket
• Movie ticket
• Hotel booking
• Car rental
• Tour and travel booking

Operating Web Class 12 Notes

Advantages of Online Reservation System

The advantages of the online reservation system are :

Advantages for consumers online reservation

1. Convenient – The user/consumer can book tickets anytime anywhere – from home, office, while travelling, etc.
2. Price Comparison – Online booking allows the customer to check the prices, compare them and get the best deal.
3. Security – Most online reservation sites require the user to create their profile and provide them with a username and password. The information thus remains secure until their password is secure.
4. Confirmation of Reservation – When a booking is done, the confirmation of the booking just takes a few seconds. It is fast and secure.
5. Making Choices – In online booking, the user can see the arrangement of seats, select a particular seat, etc. In railway booking, selection of lower berth/upper berth, type of food required and booking for beddings is possible.
6. Time Saving – Online reservation consumes very less time in contrast to long queues at the counter.
7. Discount Scheme – The users can avail the special discount schemes provided by the service provider like, season discount, advance booking discount and frequent user discount.

Advantages for Providers

1. Requires Less Staffing – Less man-power is required as every task is done through computers.
2. No Spatial Restrictions – The physical location of the office does not really matter to a customer who
   is reserving tickets online. So, the organization, big or small, can choose their office space depending on their needs.
3. Global Access – The scope of access to the online reservation becomes large as anyone who has access to the Internet can search for the reservation site and book the tickets.

Operating Web Class 12 Notes

Precautions while Performing Online Transactions

Some actions that can be taken to make the passwords safer are as follows –

• Make a password complex, like mix case, use numbers and special characters. This decreases ability of automated attacks by trying different character combinations.
• Be cautious not to leave passwords around and do not share them with friends.
• Never use names of near and dear ones as passwords.

E-Governance

The government’s ability to give citizens access to information is made easier by the usage of ICT. The government has established ICT-enabled services, such as the registration of birth and death certificates, the purchase of train tickets, the submission of RTI requests, etc.

Initiative

The national satellite-based computer network, NICNET, was launched in India in 1987, providing the primary impetus for e-Governance. The District Information System of the National Informatics Center (DISNIC) programme, which aims to computerise all district offices across the nation, was then introduced in 1990.

The Department of Electronics and Information Technology (DEITY) and Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DAR&PG) created the National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) in 2006, which has helped the e-Governance process.

Operating Web Class 12 Notes

E-Governance Sites

Some of the Central initiatives for e-governance include:

• National e-Governance Plan (NeGP)
• National e-Governance Division (NeGD)
• e-Governance Infrastructure
• Mission Mode Projects
• Citizens Services
• Business Services
• Government Services
• Projects and Initiatives
• R&D in e-Governance

india.gov.in

India.gov.in went live on November 10th, 2005. It falls under the National E-Government Plan, or NeGP, as a Mission Mode Project. The National Informatics Centre, which is a division of the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology, manages the portal.

goidirectory.nic.in

All websites from the Indian Government, from all levels and throughout all sectors, can be accessed through this portal. Sites for several Indian states and union territories are also included, as are those for legislative and judicial branches of government. It also offers details about various industries, including agriculture and education.

Operating Web Class 12 Notes

Online Shopping and Bill payments

An online shopping application allows customers to make purchases of goods over the Internet. The customer can go to a number of websites to conduct online purchasing.

Benefits of Online Shopping

Online shopping is useful in many situations. Here, we discuss some of the situations :

• The customer does not have enough time to visit a store and purchase goods.
• The store where you will get what you need may be very far off.
• The money spent in travelling to the store, parking the car, etc., is much more than overhead if any in online shopping.
• The product you may require is not available at your market.
• You want to send a product to your friend; you can do online shopping and provide the receiver’s address. You save your time and energy for delivery of the product to your friend’s house located in a different city.
• You do not have time during the shopping hours. You can do online shopping from your office, home, a friend’s place, anywhere, any time. Thus there are no fixed shopping hours
• Online shopping also has bargain offers for the customer delight.
• Some online stores allow customers to rate their services and the items.

Operating Web Class 12 Notes

Project Management – Web Based Application Development

The process of generating web apps is included in web based application development. A software that is kept on a distant server is known as a web application. It is accessible online and supplied via a web browser interface. A web application could be of various types, such as a game, quiz, or calculator for bills.

A project is a task that is carried out to produce an original good, service, or outcome. The following are some of a project’s essential qualities –

• A project has a beginning and an end. The extent of the project is defined. It has boundaries.
• A project requires finite resources that are required to complete the project.
• A project has a specific time frame. It has a definite beginning and end dates.
• A project is complete when its end objectives are achieved. The objective is specific and identifiable.

Project Essentials and Tips

Phases in a Web Application Project

Web-based application development can be broadly divided into four phases. In the development

1) Requirements Definition Phase
2) Design Phase
3) Implementation Phase
4) Testing Phase

Requirement Definition Phase

In this phase we identify the problem statement for which the web application is to be developed.

Feasibility : Is the project feasible?
(i) Check whether the project is technically feasible (is it possible to do it?).
(ii) Check whether the project is economically feasible (is it profitable?).
(iii) If feasible, proceed further, otherwise there is no need to proceed with the project.

Scope : The focus is on “what” the application must do. To define the scope of the application,
(i) Compile a detailed list with a clear description of application features.
(ii) Establish the goals that the solution must achieve.
(iii) Recognizing the limitations that are placed on the project.

Operating Web Class 12 Notes

Design Phase

The focus is on “how” the application is to be designed. This consists of design of –

A Map of the Web Application Site – A site map for a web application comprises crucial details about the site’s structure, including the pages and the connections between them.

Database – Design the application database.

(i) Identify the database tables that will be required in the application.
(ii) Decide the table structures: For each table we need to identity the attributes of the tables, their data types, the size of the columns in the tables, the relationship between tables.

Page Structure – Design the structure of page. Identify the main sections of the page like header, main content and sidebar.

Implementation Phase

Create backend database, frontend and the connectivity between them.

Backend Database – Create the database and write SQL code defining tables, attributes and relationships, as per the requirement of the application.

Frontend – Identify the inputs that are required to be taken from the user in the Front-End of the application. Decide the kind of buttons you will provide to the user, to minimize the user’s typing effort, like, Radio buttons, checkbox, list and combo box.

Data Connectivity – Establish the data connectivity between the Front-End interface and Back-End Database.

Testing Phase

Test the front end and back end of the entire programme using various example data sets. Find and fix any application bug you can.

Employability Skills Class 12 Notes

• Communication Skills Class 12 Notes
• Self Management Skills Class 12 Notes
• Basic ICT Skills Class 12 Notes
• Entrepreneurial Skills Class 12 Notes
• Green Skills Class 12 Notes

Employability Skills Class 12 MCQ

• Communication Skills Class 12 MCQ
• Self Management Skills Class 12 MCQ
• ICT Skills Class 12 MCQ
• Entrepreneurship Class 12 MCQ
• Green Skills Class 12 MCQ

Employability Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers

• Communication Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers
• Self Management Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers
• ICT Skills Class 12 Notes Questions and Answers
• Entrepreneurship Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers
• Green Skills Class 12 Questions and Answers

Information Technology Class 12 802 Notes

• Database Concepts Class 12 Notes
• Operating Web Class 12 Notes
• Java Class 12 Notes

Information Technology Class 12 802 MCQ

• Database Concepts Class 12 MCQ
• Operating Web Class 12 MCQ
• Fundamentals of Java Class 12 MCQ

Information Technology Class 12 802 Questions and Answers

• Database Concepts Class 12 Important Questions
• Operating Web Class 12 Questions and Answers
• Fundamentals of Java Programming Class 12 Questions and Answers