Development is a key concept in Economics, especially in Class 10. It refers to the overall progress of a country or region in terms of income, health, education, and quality of life. Development is not just about earning more money, it also includes factors like literacy rate, life expectancy, equality, and access to resources.
Development Class 10 MCQ
1. Read the given data and find out children of which state has attained maximum elementary school education?
statistical office, Government of India.
A. Haryana
B. Bihar
C. Haryana and Kerala both
D. Kerala
2. Read the following data and select the appropriate option from the following.
How much percentage of girls are not attending school?
A. 81%
B. 61%
C. 69%
D. 18%
3. Read the data given below and answer the question.
Educational Achievement of Rural Population of Uttar Pradesh
As per the data given above who has the least percentage of literacy rate in rural population?
a. Male
b. Children
c. Male& Female
d. Female
4. Which of the following measures the proportion of literate population in the seven and above age group?
A. Net Attendance Ratio
B. Enrolment Rate
C. Literacy Rate
D. Drop out Ratio
5. Which one of the following is the correct meaning of ‘Average Income’?
A. The total income of the country divided by its earning population.
B. The total income of the country divided by its total population.
C. The total income of all the residents of the country.
D. The total income from the domestic and foreign sources.
6. Which one of the following best describes Human Development Index (HDI)?
A. Improvement in science, information and technology
B. Improvement in health, education and income
C. Improvement in information and communication
D. Improvement in investment, finance and technology
7. “Consequences of environmental degradation do not respect national or state boundaries.”
Which of the following is the essence of this statement?
A. Economic development
B. Human Development
C. Sustainable Development
D. National Development
8. Two statements are given in the question below as Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R). Read the statements and choose the appropriate option.
Assertion (A): Human Development mentions how much socio-economic development has happened in a country.
Reason (R): Comparison of national income of two countries explains Human Development Index.
Options:
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true.
9. Read the following data and information carefully and select the most appropriate answer from the given options:
Rita is an employee of a multinational company who gets transferred to different countries after every three years of service. She has been given an opportunity to choose any one out of the three countries mentioned in the table above as her next job location. She calculates average income of all these countries as per the given data and chooses to be transferred to Country A.
Identify the reason for which Rita has chosen country A.
A. Most of its citizens are rich and stable
B. Has most equitable distribution of income
C. National income of its citizens is higher
D. Average income of its citizens is lower
10. Vijay is undernourished as his weight is 45 kgs and his height is 1.78 meters. Find out his Body Mass Index (BMI) from the following options.
A. 12.6
B. 13.5
C. 14.7
D. 15.2
11. Study the following table related to ‘World Human Development Index’ and answer the questions given below:
Amongst the given countries, which one of the following countries has the highest rank in ‘Human Development Index’?
(A) Pakistan
(B) India
(C) Nepal
(D) Myanmar
12. Choose the most appropriate option related to developmental goals of landless rural labourers.
- I. More days of work
- II. Better wages
- III. Higher support prices for their crops
- IV. End of social discrimination
(A) Only I, II and III are correct.
(B) Only II, III and IV are correct.
(C) Only I, II and IV are correct.
(D) Only I, III and IV are correct.
13. Read the following scenario carefully and answer the question that follows:
A government-funded project aims to improve the living standards of a rural community. The project focuses on increasing average income through agricultural development. However, some community members express concerns about the potential environmental impact of the project.
Based on the above scenario, which of the following statement is most appropriate?
(A) Economic development is non-essential for sustainability.
(B) Environmental sustainability is the essential base of economic development.
(C) Both economic development and environmental sustainability are essential.
(D) Community concerns are irrelevant to development goals.
14. Study the following data and answer the question that follows:
Which of the following is the difference in the literacy rates of rural males and females in the region?
(A) 22%
(B) 12%
(C) 32%
(D) 42%
15. Suppose, the monthly income of the family members is as follows respectively:
· Mother – Rs. 50,000/-
· Father – Rs. 40,000/-
· Son – Rs. 20,000/-
· Daughter – Rs. 20,000/-
The average income of the family would be:
(a) Rs. 32,000/-
(b) Rs. 30,000/-
(c) Rs. 32,500/-
(d) Rs. 33,000/-
16. Which one of the following indices is given priority by the World Bank with respect to development?
(a) Infant Mortality Rate
(b) Equality
(c) Body Mass Index
(d) Per Capita Income
17. Which of the following are developmental goals of a prosperous farmer? Choose the correct from the given options.
I. Better wages
II. Higher support prices for crops
III. Assured high family income
IV. More days for work
Options:
(a) Only I and II are correct.
(b) Only II and IV are correct.
(c) Only II and III are correct.
(d) Only I and IV are correct.
18. Which one of the following states has the highest Human Development Index?
(A) Punjab
(B) Gujarat
(C) Rajasthan
(D) Kerala
19. Which one of the following factors does not play a significant role in the economic development of a country?
(a) Co-operation from other countries on globalisation
(b) Size of the population
(c) Economic priorities adopted by the Government
(d) Territorial issues with neighbouring countries
20. Which one of the following is a correct explanation of Average income?
(a) The total income of a population
(b) The income earned by the highest earners in a population
(c) The income earned by the lowest earners in a population
(d) The total income divided by the number of individuals in a population
21. Select the developmental goal for a girl from a rich family from the following options:
(a) To get more days of work
(b) To get as much freedom as her brother gets
(c) To get electricity
(d) To get better wages
22. Which of the following countries has the highest ‘Life Expectancy’ at the birth?
(A) Nepal
(B) Bangladesh
(C) India
(D) Pakistan
23. Assume there are four families in a locality. If the monthly income of each family is ₹10,000, ₹20,000, ₹30,000 and ₹40,000, then what is the average income of the locality? Choose the correct option from the following:
(A) ₹25,000
(B) ₹30,000
(C) ₹20,000
(D) ₹10,000
24. Choose the correct option to fill in the blank.
For comparing countries, their __ is considered to be one of the most important attributes by the World Bank.
(a) Education
(b) Income
(c) Health Status
(d) Living Standard
25. Why does the different person have a different notation of development?
a. People are different.
b. Life situations of persons are different.
c. Development is the same for all.
d. Because income levels are eual
Explanation: Every person’s development depends on their life situations.
26. What do you mean by “different developmental goals” and “conflicting developmental goals”?
a. Both mean the same thing.
b. Different goals are varied; conflicting goals may harm others.
c. Conflicting goals are always beneficial for all.
d. Different goals are always income-related.
Explanation: Both of the goals simply reflect varied aspirations. Conflicting goals mean when one person’s development harms others; for example, when dams provide electricity but displace tribal communities.
27. Which of the following is known as a non-material goal of development?
a. Higher wages
b. Freedom and security
c. Better price for crops
d. More income
Explanation: Non-material goals include dignity, euality, respect, and security. These cannot be measured in money but are vital for uality of life.
28. The most important criterion used by the World Bank to classify countries is __.
a. Total income of the country
b. Average income (per capita income)
c. Literacy rate
d. Industrial growth
Explanation: The World Bank uses per capita income (average income) to classify countries as rich or poor.
29. India is classified as a _ country according to World Development Reports (2024).
a. High-income country
b. Low-income country
c. Low-middle-income country
d. Developed country
Explanation: India’s per capita income in 2024 was about US$11,000, placing it in the low-middle-income group.
30. What do you mean average income can be misleading?
a. Country A has eual distribution of income among citizens.
b. Country B has one very rich person and others very poor.
c. Both countries have the same average income.
d. All of the above
Explanation: Average income hides ineualities. Country A shows euitable distribution, while Country B has extreme disparity. Both have the same average income, but living conditions differ drastically.
31. Which of the following is NOT considered a developmental goal?
a. Eual treatment
b. Respect of others
c. Job security
d. Increasing discrimination
Explanation: Developmental goals aim at improving lives—income, euality, dignity, and security. Discrimination is harmful and cannot be considered a developmental goal.
32. What do you mean by national development?
a. All persons have the same idea of national development.
b. National development means only higher income.
c. Different persons may have conflicting notions of national development.
d. National development ignores euality.
Explanation: National development is not uniform. For example, industrialists may want dams for electricity, but displaced tribals may oppose them. Hence, notions of national development can be conflicting.
33. Which of the following states had the highest per capita income in 2023–24?
a. Kerala
b. Bihar
c. Haryana
d. Tamil Nadu
Explanation: Haryana’s per capita income was ₹325,759, higher than Kerala (₹281,001) and Bihar (₹60,337).
34. Which state among Haryana, Kerala, and Bihar had the lowest infant mortality rate (IMR) in 2020?
a. Haryana
b. Kerala
c. Bihar
d. None of these
Explanation: Kerala’s IMR was only 6 per 1,000 live births, compared to Haryana’s 28 and Bihar’s 27.
35. Which of the following is not a part of the Human Development Index (HDI)?
a. Per capita income
b. Life expectancy at birth
c. Literacy rate / years of schooling
d. Industrial growth rate
Explanation: HDI considers income, education, and health.
36. Why is the per capita income indicator not sufficient for development?
a. It hides income ineualities.
b. It ignores health and education.
c. It does not reflect public facilities.
d. All of the above
Explanation: Average income may be high, but if health, education, and euality are poor, then the true development is not there.
37. Which neighbouring country has a higher life expectancy than India based on lower per capita?
a. Nepal
b. Bangladesh
c. Sri Lanka
d. Myanmar
Explanation: Bangladesh has lower per capita income than India but higher life expectancy (74.7 years vs India’s 72).
38. What do you mean by “public facilities”?
a. They can be bought individually with money.
b. They are cheaper and more effective when provided collectively.
c. They are not necessary for development.
d. They only benefit the rich.
39. Which of the following is a renewable resource?
a. Crude oil
b. Coal
c. Groundwater
d. Natural gas
Explanation: Groundwater is a renewable resource.
40. Which of the following is correct about crude oil reserves globally?
a. 20 years
b. 47 years
c. 70 years
d. 100 years
Explanation: The crude oil reserves will last approx. 47–50 years globally.
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