A tourism product involved all the things that make a trip enjoyable and comfortable for a traveler. It is not only one product; it is a combination of places to visit, ways to get around, places to stay, etc.
Tourism Product Class 10 Unit 4 Notes
Classification of Tourism Products
Tourism products play an important role in attracting tourists. It helps to understand the tourism experience, like nature, culture, adventure, or relaxation. Making a clear list of these products helps to match the right kind of experience with the right visitors. The tourism products can be grouped on the basis of relevant similarities. The following image gives the classification of tourism products on the basis of similarities.
Natural Tourism Products – Made by Nature
Natural tourism products attract visitors to understand nature, like climate, landscapes, water bodies, wildlife, and scenic views. These are often the main reasons people choose a destination.
Examples of natural attractions are:
- Countryside
- Climate
- Natural beauty—landforms, hills, rocks, gorges, terrain
- Water—beaches, lakes, ponds, rivers, waterfalls, springs
- Flora and fauna
- Wildlife
- Islands
- Scenic attractions
The climate of a tourist destination is an important attraction and plays an important role in making a holiday. A warm, sunny, dry climate is preferred by most tourists, especially those from cold winter areas. For example, India, Sri Lanka, and Thailand attract tourists for sunny beaches and good weather. The people from warmer regions can travel to colder places, like skiing in Switzerland or France.
Good weather makes outdoor activities fun and safe. In India, the best time for tourism is from October to March, when the climate is cooler and more enjoyable. Some of the popular activities based on climate are:
- Sightseeing
- Swimming and beach fun
- Golfing
- Trekking
- Winter sports like skiing or snowboarding
Tourists enjoy nature in all its various forms. There are landforms like mountains, canyons, coral reefs, cliffs, etc. Mountains are the second most popular tourism destination. The activities taken in mountains include
- Nature Walks—Walks provide tourists with an opportunity to view and learn about flora, fauna, and landscape.
- Land-based adventure activities—It includes activities like cycling, mountain biking, horsebackriding, rock climbing, etc.
- Freshwater-based recreational activities—It includes activities like canoeing, sailing, windsurfing, freshwater fishing, etc.
- Snow-dependentrecreational activities—It includes skiing, snow scootering, sledding, etc.
Flora and fauna attract many tourists. The tourists want to know about various types of plants and trees; there are many plants that are specific to certain regions, and students and travellers visit those areas to see those varieties of plants. Spas and gaining are also popular as modern tourism products all over the world. Beaches are popular among tourists for relaxation and recreation.
Man-made Tourism Products
Man-made tourism products are created by man for pleasure, leisure or business.
a) Culture
- Sites and areas of archaeological interest
- Historical buildings and monuments
- Places of historical significance
- Museums and art galleries
- Political and educational institutions
- Religious institutions
b) Traditions
- Pilgrimages
- Fairs and festivals
- Arts and handicrafts
- Dance
- Music
- Folklore
- Native life and customs
c) Entertainment
- Amusement and recreation parks
- Sporting events
- Zoos and oceanariums
- Cinemas and theatre
- Night life
- Cuisine
d) Business
- Conventions
- Conferences
a) Culture:
Cultural tourism is based on the mosaic of places, traditions, art forms, celebrations, and experiences that portray the nation and its people, reflecting the diversity and character of a country. Cultural tourism products are diverse and include:
- Pre-historical: rock paintings, carvings, and mounds associated with indigenous people.
- Historical: Historical monuments have achieved iconic status as widely recognised symbols of their respective cultures or nations, like the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt, the Great Wall of China, or the Eiffel Tower in Paris.
b) Tradition:
A custom (also called a tradition) is anything that lots of people do and have done for a long time. A custom is more about practices, while culture is more about ideas or a group of customs. Every part of the world has its own way of living through rituals, daily routines, food, religion, and more. These unique lifestyles often attract visitors. For example, Indian weddings and temple rituals are famous for their beauty and spirituality.
What is Pilgrimage?
A pilgrimage is a special journey to a holy place. People want to go to holy places to feel closer to their faith. These trips are made with others from the same community. Different religions have special places that are considered sacred. These places might be
- Where a saint or religious leader was born or died
- Where a miracle happened.
- Where a god or divine power is believed to live
c) Entertainment
Entertainment is one of the biggest reasons to travel for the tourist. Many tourist spots are designed to entertain visitors by exciting their senses or emotions. These places include:
- Sports stadiums
- Theaters
- Museums
These places are tourist attractions. Some of the famous tourist attraction places are amusement parks like Disney World in the United States, Hong Kong, Paris, and Singapore.
Sports and Adventure Tourism
Sports are a major part of tourism; people travel to these places to play sports and watch sports events. There are many websites that offer sports and adventure holidays. Popular sports and adventure activities include:
- Olympics
- Football World Cup
- Formula One races
- Mountaineering
- Trekking
- Scuba diving
- Nightlife and City Fun
Nightlife is a big attraction for many tourists; people love to visit these types of areas. These places often have street markets, food stalls, bars and nightclubs, casinos, live music, or open-air bands.
Food Tourism
Food is part of the travel experience because there are some places that are famous for their food, like France, Italy, and California. Nowadays you can find that many countries offer different country foods, especially restaurants:
- Indian
- Chinese
- Italian
- Japanese
- Thai
- Indonesian
- Mexican
- Mediterranean
- Arabic
- Fast food
d) Business
Business tourism refers to people who travel for work-related reasons. These travelers often combine their business trips with leisure activities, such as
- Visiting tourist attractions
- Sightseeing
- Going on short excursions
These business travelers are very important to the tourism industry because they use many services like
- Hotels and accommodation
- Transportation
- Local attractions
- Entertainment options
They travel for different work-related events like
- Conventions
- Conferences
- Meetings
- Workshops
Symbiotic Tourism Products
These tourism products are an excellent blend of natural and man-made resources. Nature has provided the natural resources, and man has converted them into a tourism product by managing them like national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, marine parks, etc.
Event-based Tourism Product
Where an event is an attraction, it is an event-based product. This event can be planned as a public or social occasion like the Olympics, the Football World Cup, a Formula One race, a cultural event like Carnival in Rio de Janeiro, Mardi Gras in New Orleans, etc.
Site-Based Tourism Product
When an attraction is a place or site, then it is a site-based tourism product. Examples of site-based tourism products are the Taj Mahal, sunset at Kanyakumari, sunrise in the Himalayas, snow-capped peaks, etc.
Natural Tourism Products of India
India is endowed with immense natural resources.
| Tourism Product | Destination | Activities |
|---|---|---|
| Beach Tourism | Beaches of Goa- Calangute, Baga, Anjuna, Vagator, Bekal Beaches of Maharashtra, Juhu beach in Mumbai, In Orissa Gopalpur-on-sea, puri beach. | Water sport activities such as surfing, snorkeling, jet-skiing, scuba diving etc. |
| Mountain Tourism | Hill stations of Jammu & Kashmir-Srinagar like Gulmarg and Patnitop. Hill stations of Himachal Pradesh like Shimla, Kullu, Manali, Dalhousie, Dharamshala, etc. Hill stations of Uttarakhand like Nainital, Mussoorie, Ranikhet, Kausani, etc. | Skiing, mountaineering, trekking, hiking, walking, photography, camping, horse riding, etc. |
| Island Tourism | Andaman & Nicobar Islands Lakshadweep Island | Enjoying beautiful beaches and marine life flourishing with rare species of plants, animals, and corals. |
| Desert Tourism | Desert Triangle of India Jodhpur-Jaisalmer-Bikaner. | Camel riding, camping sight seeing, sunset folk dance and music. |
Man Made Tourism Products of India
| Categories of Manmade Tourism Products | Examples |
|---|---|
| Monuments | Taj Mahal, Fatehpur Sikri, Red Fort, Humayun’s Tomb, India Gate, Gateway of India, Sanchi Stupa, Khajuraho temples, Ajanta Caves, Konark Sun Temple, City palace, Amber Fort, Hawa Mahal etc. |
| Museums | National Museum in Delhi; Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya (formerly known as Prince of Wales Museum), Mumbai Rail Museum; Calico Museum of Textiles, Ahmedabad; Nizam Museum, Hyderabad; etc. |
| Fairs and Festivals | Holi of Barsana, Uttar Pradesh; Dusshera of Kullu, Himachal Pradesh; Dusshera of Mysore, Karnataka; Desert Festival Rajasthan Pushkar Fair, Rajasthan; Suraj Kund Craft Mela, Haryana. |
| Music | Hindustani Music, Carnatic Music |
| Dance | Classical Dance- Kathakali & Mohiniattam of Kerala, Kathak of Uttar Pradesh, Manipuri of Manipur, Odissi of Orissa, Kuchipudi of Andhra Pradesh etc. |
| Handicrafts | Stone work of Agra Blue Pottery of Jaipur, Paper Mache of Jammu & Kashmir |
| Paintings | Miniature paintings, Madhubani paintings of Bihar, Ajanta paintings. |
| Theme Parks | Essel World and Water Kingdom, Mumbai; Kingdom of Dreams, Gurgaon. |
Symbiotic Tourism Products of India
Event Based Tourism Products of India
Site Based Tourism Products of India
- Taj Mahal
- Tea Gardens in Assam, Munnar, Darjeeling
- Snow Capped Himalayan Mountains
- Sand Dunes, Jaisalmer
What is UNESCO?
UNESCO stands for United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. It helps to identify, protect, and preserve places around the world that have outstanding cultural or natural value.
The World Heritage Convention (1972)
In 1972, UNESCO adopted the Convention concerning the protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage. This helps to save the important sites worldwide for humanity. The main objectives of UNESCO are:
- Protect the site, which has cultural and natural value.
- Promote global cooperation to keep these treasures safe for future generations.
UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India
There are 32 World Heritage Sites in India. They are divided into cultural and natural heritage. Cultural heritage includes monuments, archaeological sites, paintings, sculptures, etc. Natural heritage includes national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves, etc.
Cultural World Heritage Sites
- Agra Fort, Uttar Pradesh
- Ajanta Caves, Maharashtra
- Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi, Madhya Pradesh
- Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park, Gujarat
- Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (formerly Victoria Terminus), Maharashtra
- Churches and Convents of Goa
- Elephanta Caves, Maharashtra
- Ellora Caves, Maharashtra
- Fatehpur Sikri, Uttar Pradesh
- Great Living Chola Temple, Tamil Nadu
- Group of Monuments at Hampi, Karnataka
- Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram, Tamil Nadu Group of Monuments at Pattadakal, Karnataka
- Hill Forts of Rajasthan
- Humayun’s Tomb, Delhi
- Khajuraho Group of Monuments, Madhya Pradesh
- Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya, Bihar
- Mountain Railways of India
- Qutb Minar and its Monuments, Delhi
- Rani-ki-Vav (the Queen’s Stepwell) at Patan, Gujarat
- Red Fort Complex, Delhi
- Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka, Madhya Pradesh
- Sun Temple, Konarak, Odisha
- Taj Mahal, Uttar Pradesh
- The Jantar Mantar, Jaipur, Rajasthan
Natural World Heritage Sites
- Great Himalayan National Park, Himachal Pradesh
- Kaziranga National Park, Assam
- Keoladeo National Park, Rajasthan
- Manas Wildlife Sanctuary, Assam
- Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks, Uttarakhand
- Sundarbans National Park, West Bengal
- Western Ghats in Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra and Gujarat
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