Understanding the Indian Economy is an important part of Class 10 Social Science. One of the key chapters, Sectors of the Indian Economy, explains how different sectors like primary, secondary, and tertiary contribute to the country’s development.
Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10 MCQ
1. In Indian Economy, the three sectors (Primary, Secondary and Tertiary) are interdependent. However, the share of employment in the primary sector remains high. Most appropriate explanation for this could be:
I. Government policies preferentially treat the primary sector II. Indian economy is largely agrarian and majority of population is dependent on agricultur
III. Inadequate service sector jobs force people to continue working in primary sectors
IV. Primary sector provides raw material for the secondary and tertiary sector.
a. Only I and II are true
b. Only II and III are true
c. Only III and IV are true
d. All are true
2. Find the odd one out from the following options:
A. Tourist Guide, Barber, Tailor, and Potter
B. Teacher, Doctor, Vegetable Vendor and Lawyer
C. Postman, Cobbler, Soldier and Police Constable
D. Indian Railways, Jet Airways, Doordarshan and Metro
3. Fill in the blank:
A. Nature of Employment activities
B. Nature of Social activities
C. Nature of Production activities
D. Nature of Political activities
4. If there is a disruption by transporters and lorries refuse to transport vegetables, milk, etc. from rural areas to urban areas, food will become scarce in urban areas, whereas farmers will be unable to sell their products.
Which of the following sectors will be affected due to this situation stated above?
a. Primary and Secondary
b. Secondary and Tertiary
c. Tertiary, Primary and Secondary
d. Tertiary and Primary.
5. Which one the following is an example of Primary Sector activity?
A. Baking
B. Outsourcing
C. Farming
D. Banking
6. Which of the following examples fall under an organized sector?
A. A daily wage labourer working for a contractor.
B. An engineer getting all employment benefits.
C. A cleaning staff in a private school
D. A tailor stitching clothes at his home.
7. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 states a guarantee of minimum 100 days of employment per year. If government is unable to fulfil these 100 days of an employment, the government would have to __.
Choose the correct option:
A. Pay the compensation in lieu of these days
B. Provide another scheme for the same
C. Pay at least 1/3 percent allowance
D. Provide health care as compensation
9. A woman works at a sweet shop in her village on a contract basis and gets meagre salary after working the entire day. She doesn’t get any holidays or paid leave, rather her employer deducts her salary whenever she is absent from work. Find out in which of the following sectors she is working?
A. Primary Sector
B. Service Sector
C. Organized Sector
D. Unorganised Sector
10. According to 2017-2018 data, the share of different sectors in employment (percentage) in India was
- Primary Sector – 44%
- Secondary Sector – 25%
- Tertiary Sector – 31%
Out of the three sectors, why did the ratio of employment in Primary Sector high? Select the most suitable option from the following:
A. Workers in the Primary Sector are underemployed
B. Low job opportunities in Secondary Sector
C. Efforts of labour are not equivalent in all the sectors
D. Outsourcing of job opportunities in Secondary Sector
11. A man is employed on a food processing farm where he has to do a lot of manual work. His wife and daughter also help him in his work on the farm every day. Which type of employment is this an example?
A. Under employment
B. Seasonal employment
C. Over employment
D. Cyclical employment
12. ‘X’ lives in a town. He cultivates flowers along with animal husbandry. The work of ‘X’ will fall under which sector of the economy?
(A) Primary
(B) Secondary
(C) Tertiary
(D) Quaternary
13. Look at the given picture and answer the question that follow:
The work being done in the picture falls under which sector of the economy?
(A) Primary
(B) Quaternary
(C) Secondary
(D) Tertiary
13. The work of which of the following comes in the secondary sector of the economy?
(A) Bee-keeper
(B) Moneylender
(C) Basket weaver
(D) Fisherman
14. Identify the odd one out from the following options:
(A) Agriculture, Fishing, Mining
(B) Forestry, Trading, Dairy
(C) Teachers, Doctors, Lawyers
(D) Making sugar, Cotton textile, Iron and Steel Industry
15. Choose the appropriate option to fill in the blank:
Options:
(A) Nature of employment activities
(B) Nature of social activities
(C) Nature of political activities
(D) Nature of economic activities
16. Which one of the following is an example of organized sector activities?
(a) A farmer irrigating his field.
(b) A handloom weaver working in her house.
(c) A headload worker carrying cement.
(d) A teacher taking classes in a government school.
17. Choose the correct pair regarding the sectors of economy.
(A) Primary – Mining
(B) Secondary – Flower cultivation
(C) Tertiary – Fishing
(D) Secondary – Bee-keeping
18. Animal husbandry comes under which of the following sectors of the economy?
(A) Primary
(B) Secondary
(C) Tertiary
(D) Quaternary
19. Which of the following Acts would not apply on an enterprise under organised sector?
(a) Minimum Wages Act
(b) National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
(c) Factories Act
(d) Payment of Gratuity Act
20. Kamalkant is a shopkeeper who pays his taxes on time, however none of the workers in his shop get any paid leave in the year. On the basis of the given situation, find out the correct option.
(a) Workers are employed in the organised sector.
(b) Workers are engaged in the unorganised sector.
(c) Workers are employed in the joint sector.
(d) Workers are employed in the public sector.
21. Which one of the following organization is providing data regarding employment in India?
(A) National Statistical Office
(B) Niti Ayog
(C) National Informatics Centre
(D) Public Service Commission
22. Which one of the following pair is correctly matched?
(A) Primary Sector – Fishermen
(B) Secondary Sector – Priest
(C) Tertiary Sector – Basket Weaver
(D) Quaternary Sector – Gardener
23. Kanta works in an office. She gets her salary regularly at the end of every month. In addition to the salary, she also gets other benefits laid down by the government. In which of the following sector Kanta is working?
(A) Organised Sector
(B) Unorganised Sector
(C) Primary Sector
(D) Quaternary Sector
24. Natural products being changed into other forms is known as:
(a) Primary product
(b) Secondary product
(c) Tertiary product
(d) Quarternary product
25. Which one of the following is a feature of the unorganized sector?
(a) Terms of employment are regular.
(b) People have assured work.
(c) They have some formal processes and procedures.
(d) There are rules and regulations but not followed.
26. Which of the following sectors belongs to the primary sector?
a. Weaving cloth from cotton
b. Cultivating sugarcane
c. Running a call center
d. Selling biscuits in a shop
Explanation: Primary sector activities involve directly using natural resources. For example, cultivating sugarcane depends on soil, rainfall, and climate, making it a primary activity.
27. Which of the following belong to a secondary sector?
a. Fishing in the sea
b. Manufacturing sugar from sugarcane
c. Transporting milk to cities
d. Teaching in a school
Explanation: The secondary sector converts the raw material to the finished goods, like the sugarcane industry.
28. Which of the following belongs to the tertiary sector?
a. Mining coal
b. Producing steel in a factory
c. Providing banking services
d. Growing wheat
Explanation: The tertiary sector supports production and trade, such as banking, transport, and communication.
29. What is the purpose of adding goods and services in GDP?
a. To avoid double counting of intermediate goods
b. Because intermediate goods are more important
c. Because consumers only buy intermediate goods
d. To reduce the value of GDP
Explanation: Intermediate goods (like wheat and flour) are used to make final goods (biscuits). Their value is already included in the final product. Counting them separately would lead to double counting.
30. All the goods and services produced in a year within the country are called __.
a. Gross Value Added (GVA)
b. Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
c. Net National Product (NNP)
d. Per Capita Income
Explanation: GDP measures the total value of final goods and services produced in a country during a year.
31. In developed countries, which of the following describes the historical change in the sectors?
a. Primary → Secondary → Tertiary
b. Secondary → Primary → Tertiary
c. Tertiary → Primary → Secondary
d. Primary → Tertiary → Secondary
Explanation: Developed countries first depend on agriculture (primary), then industries (secondary), and finally services (tertiary).
32. Which of the following is an example of interdependence between sectors?
a. Farmers refusing to sell sugarcane to mills
b. Transport strike affecting food supply in cities
c. Industrial workers needing food from farmers
d. All of the above
Explanation: All sectors depend on each other. The primary provides raw materials, the secondary converts them into goods, and the tertiary supports both through services like transport and banking.
33. Which government ministry is responsible for calculating India’s GDP?
a. Ministry of Agriculture
b. Ministry of Finance
c. Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
d. Ministry of Commerce
Explanation: The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) collects data from states and union territories to estimate GDP.
34. Which was the largest producing sector in India in 1977–78?
a. Primary sector
b. Secondary sector
c. Tertiary sector
d. Organized sector
35. Which sector became the largest producing sector in India by 2017–18?
a. Primary sector
b. Secondary sector
c. Tertiary sector
d. Public sector
36. Why has employment not shifted from the primary sector to the secondary and tertiary sectors in India?
a. Agriculture remained highly profitable.
b. Not enough jobs were created in industry and services.
c. Farmers refused to leave agriculture.
d. Government restricted migration
Explanation: Although industrial and service output increased, job creation was limited. Hence, agriculture still employs more than half the workforce, leading to disguised unemployment.
37. When the underemployment occurs _?
a. People do not want to work.
b. People are working lazily.
c. People are working less than their potential.
d. People are not paid for their work.
Explanation: Underemployment means workers are engaged but not fully utilized. For example, too many family members working on a small farm where fewer workers would suffice.
38. Which of the following acts guaranteed 100 days of employment in rural areas?
a. Factories Act, 1948
b. Shops and Establishments Act
c. MGNREGA, 2005
d. Viksit Bharat-G RAM G, 2025
Explanation: The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA, 2005) guaranteed 100 days of rural employment. In 2025, it was replaced by Viksit Bharat-G RAM G.
39. Which of the following is an example of the organized sector?
a. A factory worker in Tata Steel
b. A street vendor selling vegetables
c. A handloom weaver working at home
d. A headload worker in a market
Explanation: Organized sector jobs are regular, follow government rules, and provide benefits like provident fund, paid leave, and pensions.
40. Which of the following is known as a public sector activity?
a. Reliance Industries producing petrochemicals
b. Tata Steel manufacturing iron and steel
c. Indian Railways providing transport services
d. Infosys offering IT services
Explanation: The public sector is operated by the government, e.g., Indian Railways, the Post Office, and government schools.
41. Why does the government build roads, dams, and provide electricity?
a. To earn maximum profit
b. Because the private sector cannot provide them at affordable rates
c. To reduce taxes
d. To discourage industrial growth
Explanation: Public sector spending ensures basic infrastructure and services are available to all at reasonable cost.
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