Physical Education Class 11 Chapter 2 Notes

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Teachers and Examiners (CBSESkillEduction) collaborated to create the Physical Education Class 11 Chapter 2 Notes. All the important Information are taken from the NCERT Textbook Physical Education (048) class 11.

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Olympism – Concept

Olympiadism is a philosophy that promotes peace, respect, and excellence through sports. The goal of the Olympics is to build a peaceful and better world by educating youth through sport without discrimination.

The core ideas of Olympism

Encourage teamwork.
Promotes respect for all cultures and individuals.
Focuses on personal growth and excellence
Uses sports to bring nations together in harmony.

Olympics Values

The Olympic values help the people to become better athletes and individuals; they make the world a more peaceful and united place through sports. There are three main Olympic values:

Olympic Values Friendship: Friendship encourages us to see sport as an instrument for mutual understanding between individuals and between peoples all over the world. It breaks down barriers – encouraging individuals to look beyond the differences such as gender, ability, culture, race or religion.
Respect: Respect lies at the heart of Olympism – respect for yourself and your body, for other people, for rules and regulations, for sports and for the environment.
Excellence: Excellence means doing the best we can, on the field of play or in our professional life. The important thing is not winning but taking part, making progress and enjoying the healthy combination of body, will and mind.

Educational Values of Olympism

Joy of Effort: Every person has a right to participate in sports and physical activities. According to UNESCO, every human being has a fundamental right to access physical education and sport, which are essential for the full development of his/her personality.
Fair Play: Fair play refers to playing by the rules and respecting opponents. Every individual has to develop the habit of fair play that is reflected in his/her attitude and behaviour in life and towards the community he/she lives in. Examples of fair play are shaking hands, appreciating and following game rules.
Respect for others: Sports play an important role in teaching respect, unity among people of different backgrounds, appreciation of all the cultures, gender equality, etc.
Pursuit of Excellence: Today’s competitive world sports create a safe and supportive environment where all children, including people with disabilities, also can develop skills and confidence.

Ancient and Modern Olympics

The first ancient Olympic Games were organised in honour of the king of Greek gods, which is known as Zeus, in 776 BCE. The name “Olympics” comes from Mount Olympus, which was the tallest mountain in the town where the games were played. The first event of the Olympics is a foot race, but later on, boxing, chariot racing, sprinting and wrestling are added. 1503 years after Emperor Theodosius I ordered the closure of the Ancient Olympic games. The modern Olympic Games were revived in the year of 1896 in Athens, Greece. The idea of restarting the Olympics comes from Baron Pierre de Coubertin, a French nobleman. Coubertin believed that learning and physical activity should go hand in hand. In 1894, he founded the International Olympic Committee (IOC), which led to the planning of the first modern Olympic Games.

The Olympic Symbol

Five rings that are interlocked and have equal amounts of each of the five colours that make up the Olympic logo. The five rings represent the union of the five continents—North and South America, Africa, Asia, Australia, and Europe—which include the unity of sportspersons from all continents at the Olympic Games. The design was created by Pierre de Coubertin in 1913.

The Olympic Flag

The Olympic flag was created by Baron Coubertin in 1913 and was released in 1994. It has a white background
without any border.

The Olympic Motto

The motto of the Olympic Games is “Citius – Altius – Fortius” which is Latin for “Faster- Higher- Stronger”. The Olympic motto was first announced in 1924 held at the Olympic Games in Paris, France.

The Olympic Emblems

Each Olympic Games has its own unique emblem, which combines the Olympic rings with special designs representing the host country. Olympic emblems are used in promotional materials by sponsors of the Olympics on the uniforms of every Olympic competitor. All emblems are the property of the IOC.

The Olympic Anthem

The Olympic Hymn, also known as the Olympic anthem, is a musical workcomposed by Spiro Samara, and is played when Olympic flag is raised in the opening of Olympic Games.

The Olympic anthem

“Immortal spirit of antiquity,
Father of the true, beautiful and good, Descend, appear, shed over us thy light
Upon this ground and under this sky
Which has first witnessed thy unperishable fame
Give life and animation to those noble games! Throw wreaths of fadeless flowers to
the victors In the race and in the strife!
Create in our breasts, hearts of steel!
In thy light, plains, mountains andseas
Shine in a roseate hue and form a vast temple
To which all nations throng to adore thee, Oh immortal spirit of antiquity!”

Olympic Movement Structure – IOC, NOC and IFS

The Olympic Movement is led by different organisations that work together to organise the Olympic Games and promote sports worldwide.

International Olympic Committee (IOC): The IOC is responsible for organising the Olympics and ensuring Olympic values; the committee organises summer and winter Olympic Games. English and French are the official languages of the IOC.
National Olympic Committees (NOC): These committees manage Olympic activities in their countries by selecting athletes and promoting sports development.
International Federations (IFs): They organise individual sports and set rules and standards for competition. For example, FIFA for football and FINA for swimming.