Physical Education Class 11 Chapter 1 Notes

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Teachers and Examiners (CBSESkillEduction) collaborated to create the Physical Education Class 11 Chapter 1 Notes. All the important Information are taken from the NCERT Textbook Physical Education (048) class 11.

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Concept, Aims & Objectives of Physical Education

Concept of physical education

Physical education is a combination of two separate words, ‘physical’ and ‘education’. The physical means are related to the body or related to physical strength, physical fitness, physical appearance and physical health. And the second word is ‘education’, which means preparation for life or systematic instruction and training. Physical education is all about learning through movement. Physical education helps to stay stronger, healthy and active. It also tells about teamwork, confidence and discipline.

Aim of physical education

The aim of physical education must be to make every child physically, mentally and emotionally fit and also to develop in him such personal and social qualities as will help him to live happily with others and build him up as a good citizen.

Objective of physical education

The objective of physical education is:
Developed a healthy and active lifestyle
Develop interest in discipline.
Achieve optimum physical fitness and health.
Development of the organ system
Neuro-muscular co-ordination
Emotional Development
Social Development
Develop motor skills.
Optimum Sports Performance
Effective Citizenship

Development of Physical Education in India – Post-Independence

After independence the government of India took the initiative to promote and develop physical education in India. Various institutions, policies and programmes were introduced to enhance sports culture and physical education.

All India Council of Sports (1954)

In the year 1954 a meeting of the presidents of various national sports federations/associations was held under the chairmanship of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad and proposed the establishment of a National Sports Council to promote sports in the country. This council also offered financial assistance to various sports federations.

National Plan of Physical Education and Recreation (1956)

To promote physical activities, the plan was introduced by the Union Education Ministry in 1956 on the advice of the Central Advisory Board of Physical Education and Recreation. The national plan of physical education made recommendations on:

Step-by-step improvement plan
Syllabus of physical education for boys and girls
Norms of physical tests for boys and girls
Rule of recognition for the diploma and certificate courses.

Laxmi Bai National College of Physical Education (1957)

In the year 1957 the Ministry of Education established a college of physical education in Gwalior. The college was named in memory of the Rani of Jhansi, the warrior of the First War of Indian Independence. This is only the institute of physical education which is run by the central government.

Sports and Youth Welfare Department (1958)

In 1958 the Ministry of Education opened the department of sports and youth welfare to promote physical education and sports.

Adhoc Enquiry Committee on Games and Sports (1958-59)

Under the guidance of Maharaja of Patiala Shri Yadavinder Singh, make a committee on games and sports set up by the Government of India to find out the causes of the debacle in sports performance.

Changing Trends in Sports

Physical education has gone through many changes over time. Sports have evolved significantly with advanced technology, equipment and playing surfaces nowadays. Here are some key trends shaping modern sports:

Playing Surface: Nowadays traditional grass fields are being replaced by artificial turf for durability and low maintenance. This artificial turf can work as a shock absorber, which helps the athlete for better performance and reduces injuries.
Wearable Gear: There are many gadgets, like heart rate monitoring devices, fitness trackers and GPS-enabled wearables, that help the athletes to track performance and help to optimise training.
Sports Equipment: Sports equipment like lightweight carbon fibre rackets, aerodynamic footballs and shock-resistant helmets improve safety in the time of sports. Innovations in shoe technology provide better grip and injury prevention.
Technological Advancements: Virtual reality training, performance analysis and instant replay systems help the coaching for better decision-making. Smart stadiums are used to improve fan experience.

Career options in Physical Education

Physical Education is a fast-growing discipline in India. To educate individuals in the field of Physical Education numerous courses are offered by different educational institutions. Some of the Career Options in Physical Education are:

Physical Education Teacher – After competing D.P.Ed., B.P.Ed. or M.P.Ed., one can be appointed as PET in a school or college.
Sports Coordinator – For one to successfully function as a sports coordinator, physical education courses teach skills including arranging team activities, coaching and teaching responsibilities, and coordinating and supervising all parts of assigned leisure sports programmes.
Professional Coach – After a Diploma in Sports Coaching, one can be appointed as a professional coach of a team or for individuals/athletes requiring a personal coach/trainer.
Outdoor and Adventure Sports Educators – A person with a degree in any Physical Education course and interest in outdoor and adventure sports can educate others in the field.
Sports Administrator – Supervision and Administrative skills are also taught in Physical Education courses. This enables the individual to work as a sports administrator.
Event Manager of a Sports Club – An individual who has graduated with MBA in Sports Management can offer his/her services as an event manager at any sports club.
Health and Fitness Club Manager – One can be appointed as health and fitness club manager after having a professional degree in Physical Education as well as an interest in the field.
Sports Clothing & Equipment Designer – If one has zeal and interest in fashion designing then she/he can work as a sports clothing and equipment designer.
Dietician and Nutritionist – After graduating with any Physical Education degree, an individual can choose the profession of a dietician and nutritionist also.
Sports Goods Marketing – Sales and Marketing of sports goods is a fast-growing industry and one can choose this line after graduating in Physical Education.
Yoga Trainer – Yoga has become popular both nationally and internationally, so one who is trained in yoga can provide her/his services to instruct groups/individuals through various levels and types of yoga.
Fitness Trainer – One can work as a fitness trainer after completing any course in Physical Education.
Physical Therapist – One can also work as a physical therapist after doing any physical education Programme.
Sports Journalist – Some institutes offer a sports journalism course, so those who have graduated in this course can work as sports journalists.

Khelo India

The Khelo India programme was launched with the goal of reviving India’s grassroots sports culture, creating a solid foundation for all national sports, and elevating India to the status of a major athletic power. Government of India, announced “KheloIndia – National Programme for Development of Sports” in the fiscal year 2017–2018 to encourage young talent and provide them with top-notch infrastructure and training facilities.

Khelo India Programme has outlined twelve verticals namely

Play Field Development – One-time funding of up to 50 Lakhs will be provided to States/UTs for developing, managing, equipping and maintaining playing field and sports infrastructure development and open spaces for public use by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, Government of India.
Community Coaching Development – A cascading methodology will be used to develop coaching infrastructure nationwide and provide community coaches.
State Level Khelo India Centers – To make use of all sports resources, including unemployed coaches with training, other support workers, equipment, playing grounds, etc.
Annual Sports Competitions – The Central Government will organize National level competitions, i.e., Khelo India National School Games and Khelo India National University Games.
Talent Search and Development – Under this scheme players from 16 priority sports are selected at various levels of participation.
Utilization and Creation/Upgradation of Sports Infrastructure – Majority of the schools, colleges and even Universities in the country lack proper playgrounds as well as sporting infrastructure.
Support to National/Regional/State Sports Academies – Throughout the nation, sports academies both public and private are identified for need-based support. Financial aid is also provided to the identified academies for their operation and maintenance.
Physical fitness of school children – Under Khelo India the component of physical fitness of school going children is given due emphasis. National Level Physical Fitness parameters will be developed for each region. An assessment kit which is easy to administer will be provided to each school to evaluate physical fitness of all students.
Sports for Women – All the components of the Khelo India Scheme are gender neutral and afford equal opportunities to women for participating in sporting activities and development of sports.
Promotion of sports amongst people with disabilities – Financial assistance will be provided to States/UTs and SAI for creation of specialist sports infrastructure for persons with special needs.
Sports for peace and development – Under this vertical the Government of India provides a special package to J&K for enhancing sports facilities in the State.
Promotion of rural and indigenous/tribal games – Under this Programme governments trives to focus on each and every aspect that will contribute to making sports more popular among the youth of the
country.